The classic book “A Tree Grows in Brooklyn” by Betty Smith parallels the protagonist with the Tree of Heaven (Ailanthus altissima), which is strong and resilient, and able to thrive under adverse conditions.

Commonly called the Ailanthus, it is a rapidly growing tree native to China and Taiwan.

Originally valued as a lovely shade tree by immigrants with the ability to grow in any soil type, it quickly became undesirable because of its weedy appearance, ability to sprout where it wasn’t wanted and foul odor.

An invasive species, it can reach 80 feet in height and 6 feet in diameter with a smooth brown bark when young that develops to gray, resembling the skin of a cantaloupe. Its lance-shaped complete leaves are pinnately compound, attached opposite on each stem.

Although other tree leaves are similar, identification is confirmed by one or two bumps at the base of the leaf, and if crushed, will emit an offensive odor.

The alternate twigs can easily be broken to expose a spongy center called the pith.

The female of this dioecious tree grows seeds called samaras that are dispersed by the wind, often distances where they land. They plant themselves and grow another generation of trees.

Females can produce 300,000 seeds annually. In addition, root suckers emerge, extending underground as far as 50 feet. At two years, they can generate seeds and if injured, more roots will sprout.

Additionally, the Tree of Heaven contains chemicals that prevent other native trees from growing. Never found in shaded areas, if an area of forested trees loses its leaves from disease or damage, the Tree of Heaven can move in and dominate the area rather quickly.

Found on roadways, streams and disturbed areas, it thrives in both fertile and nutrient-deficient soil and is difficult to control because of its root system and the vast number of seeds produced.

Many methods of control are ineffective.

Cutting and mowing will produce sprouts and increase its root system. The University of Pennsylvania suggests treatment with an herbicide at specific times for best results.

Systemic herbicides used by professionals, such as glyphosate applied during mid to late summer has the most effect, and “poses little risk to nontarget plants through root uptake.”

More than one method is suggested for best results with many applications and correct timing.

Allergic reactions from pollen are one concern along with dermatitis from leaves, branches, bark and even seeds.

Speaking about invasive species — the spotted lanternfly (Lycorma delicatula) can be found on the Tree of Heaven, maple trees and grape vines. This pest feeds on the sap of herbaceous and woody plants, stressing and eventually causing agricultural and economic damage.

A recent class taught us how to identify the egg mass, nymph and adult.

They neither bite nor sting, and it is best to pick off the adult and stomp on them. Without control, there will be extensive damage to our trees, crops and landscape.

Management of all invasive species is important to ensure our native plants thrive. To learn more about this tree and the spotted lanternfly, check out this video by our own Tom deHaas http://go.osu.edu/treeofheaven

Kane Shipka is an Ohio State University Extension Master Gardener Volunteer in Mahoning County.